Impacts of forest degradation and damage on soil respiration in the Tiantong region, Zhejiang Province
-
摘要: 以常绿阔叶林顶级群落为参照,选择了常绿阔叶林亚顶极群落、针叶林、灌丛和灌草丛代表不同退化类型;同时,以4种人工采伐处理代表常绿阔叶林不同受损程度,分别研究了不同退化和受损程度影响下,土壤的呼吸速率及影响因素.结果表明:(1)土壤呼吸速率具有明显的季节动态;(2)土壤呼吸速率分别在常绿阔叶林顶极群落与灌草丛最高,其次分别为针叶林和灌丛,常绿阔叶林亚顶极群落最低;(3)不同受损程度常绿阔叶林土壤呼吸速率无显著差异;(4)影响土壤呼吸速率的决定性因子为土壤C/N和pH,但在退化初期为土壤C/N,在退化后期为土温.可以认为,常绿阔叶林退化过程中控制土壤呼吸速率变化的主要因素逐步由生物因素向非生物因素转变.Abstract: This paper chose climax evergreen broadleaf forests (EBLF) as a reference, then selected sub-climax forests, secondary coniferous forests, shrubs and grassland to represent different stages of forest degradation, and 4 logging stands to denote forests damage intensity, in the Tiantong region, Zhejiang province. To understand the impacts of EBLF degradation and damage on soil respiration, soil respiration rate and associated influencing factors were measured among above forests. The results showed that: (1) there was a pronounced seasonal pattern of soil respiration among forests; (2) soil respiration rate was the highest in climax EBLF and the grassland, intermediate in coniferous forests and shrub lands, and the lowest in sub-climax EBLF; (3) the logging did not affect soil respiration rate along the forest damage intensity; and (4) soil respiration was determined by soil C/N ratio and soil pH through forest degradation series; specifically, the main factor in the early stage was soil C/N ratio, and in the later stage of degradation was soil temperature. It was concluded that the controlling factor of soil respiration was shifted from biological-based to abiotic-based orientations, through forest degradation.
-
Key words:
- forest degradation /
- soil properties /
- carbon sink /
- carbon source /
- carbon cycling
-
[1] [1] SCHIMEL D S, HOUSE J I, HIBBARD K A, et al. Recent patterns and mechanisms of carbon exchange by terrestrial ecosystems[J]. Nature, 2001, 414: 169-172.[2] 方精云, 王娓. 作为地下过程的土壤呼吸: 我们理解了多少?[J]. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(3): 345-347.FANG J Y, WANG W. Soil respiration as a key belowground process: issues and perspectives?[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology (Chinese Version), 2007, 31(3): 345-347.[3] RAICH J W, SCHLESINGER W H. The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relation to vegetation and climates[J]. Tellus, 1992, 44B: 81-99.[4] 杨玉盛, 董彬, 谢锦升, 等. 森林土壤呼吸及其对全球变化的响应[J]. 生态学报, 2004, 24(3): 583-591.YANG Y S, DONG B, XIE J S, et a1. Soil respiration of forest ecosystems and its respondence to global change[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2004, 24(3): 583-591.[5] LUGO A E, BROWN S. Management of tropical soils as sinks or source of atmospheric carbon[J]. Plant and Soil, 1993, 149: 27-41.[6] LYTLE D E, CRONAN C S. Comparative soil CO2, evolution litter decay, and root dynamics in clear-cut and uncut spruce-fir forest[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 1998, 103: 121-128.[7] LONDO A J, MESSINA M G, SCHOENHOLTZ S H. Forest harvesting effects on soil temperature, moisture, and respiration in a bottomland hardwood forests[J]. Soil Science Society of America, 1999, 63: 637-644.[8] LAPARTE M F,DUCHESNE L C,MOTISON I K. Effect of clear cutting, selection cutting, shelter wood cutting and microsites on soil surface CO2 efflux in a tolerant hardwood ecosystem of northern Ontario[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2003, 174: 565-575.[9] TOLAND D E, ZAK D R. Seasonal patterns of soil respiration in intact and clear-cut northern hardwood forests[J]. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 1994, 24: 1711-1716.[10] 王希华, 阎恩荣, 严晓,等. 中国东部常绿阔叶林退化群落分析及恢复重建研究的一些问题[J]. 生态学报, 2005, 25(7): 1796-1803.WANG X H, YAN E R, YAN X, et al. Analysis of degraded evergreen broad-leaved forest communities in Eastern China and issues in forest restoration[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2005, 25(7): 1796-1803.[11] 宋永昌, 陈小勇. 中国东部常绿阔叶林生态系统退化机制与生态恢复[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2007.SONG Y C, CHEN X Y, et al. Degradation Mechanism and Ecological Restoration of Evergreen Broad-Leaved Forest Ecosystem in East China[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2007.[12] 阎恩荣, 王希华, 陈小勇. 浙江天童地区常绿阔叶林退化对土壤养分库和碳库的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(4): 1646-1655.YAN E R, WANG X H, CHEN X Y. Impacts of evergreen broad-leaved forest, degradation on soil nutrients and carbon pools in Tiantong, Zhejiang Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(4): 1646-1655.[13] 宋永昌, 王祥荣. 浙江天童国家森林公园的植被和区系[M]. 上海:上海科学技术文献出版社, 1995.SONG Y C, WANG X R. Vegetation and Flora of Tiantong National Forest Park Zhejiang Province[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific and Technical Document Publishing House, 1995.[14] 阎恩荣, 王希华, 周武. 天童常绿阔叶林不同退化群落的凋落物特征及与土壤养分动态的关系[J]. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(1): 1-12.YAN E R, WANG X H, ZHOU W. Characteristics of litterfall in relation to soil nutrients in mature and degraded Evergreen broad-leaved forests of Tiantong, East China[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology(Chinese Version), 2008, 32(1): 1-12.[15] 达良俊, 宋坤. 浙江天童受损常绿阔叶林实验生态学研究(Ⅰ): 生态恢复实验与长期定位[J]. 华东师范大学学报:自然科学版, 2008(4): 3-11.DA L J, SONG K. Experimental ecology research on destroyed evergreen broad-leaved forests in TNFP, Zhejiang (Ⅰ): Ecological restoration experiments and long-term ecological study[J]. Journal of East China Normal University: Natural Science, 2008(4): 3-11.[16] 曾繁荣, 施家月, 阎恩荣, 等. 天童常绿阔叶林次生演替过程中细根的生物量动态[J]. 华东师范大学学报:自然科学版, 2008(6): 56-62.ZENG F R, SHI J Y, YAN E R, et al. Temporal and spatial patterns of fine root mass along a secondary succession of evergreen broad-leaved forest in Tiantong[J]. Journal of East China Normal University: Natural Science, 2008(6): 56-62.[17] 戴慧. 天童地区不同土地利用类型土壤的碳库特征[D]. 上海: 华东师范大学, 2007.DAI H. Effects of land use type on soil organic carbon mineralization in Tiantong, Zhejiang Province[D]. Shanghai: East China Normal University, 2007.[18] 刘绍辉, 方精云. 土壤呼吸的影响因素及全球尺度下温度的影响[J]. 生态学报, 1997, 17(5): 469-476.LIU S H, FANG J Y. Effect factors of soil respiration and the temperature s effects on soil respiration in the global scale[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 1997, 17(5): 469-476.[19] 易志刚, 蚁伟民. 森林生态系统中土壤呼吸研究进展[J]. 生态环境, 2003, 12(3): 361-365.YI Z G, YI W M. Proceeding of studies on soil respiration of forest ecosystem[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2003, 12(3): 361-365.[20] GUO L B, GIFFORD R M. Soil carbon stocks and land use change: a meta-analysis[J]. Global Change Biology, 2002(8): 345-360.[21] 王国兵, 郝岩松, 王兵, 等. 土地利用方式的改变对土壤呼吸及土壤微生物生物量的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2006, 28(2): 74-79.WANG G B, HAO Y S, WANG B, et al. Influence of land-use change on soil respiration and soil microbial biomass[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2006, 28(2): 74-79.[22] 王旭, 周广胜, 蒋延玲, 等. 长白山阔叶红松林皆伐迹地土壤呼吸作用[J]. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(3): 355-362.WANG X, ZHOU G S, JIANG Y L, et al. Soil respiration in natural mixed (Betula platyphylla and Populus davidiana) secondary forest and primary broad-leaved Korean pine forest[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology (Chinese Version), 2007, 31(3): 355-362.[23] MCGRATH D A, SMITH K C, GHOLZ H L, et al. Effects of land-use change on soil nutrient dynamics in Amaznia[J]. Ecosystems, 2001(4): 625-645.[24] YIN X, PERRY J A , DIXON R K. Fine-root dynamics and biomass distribution in a Quercus ecosystem following harvesting[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 1989, 27: 159-177.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 2728
- HTML全文浏览量: 17
- PDF下载量: 1995
- 被引次数: 0