沱湖自然保护区鸟类群落结构及其多样性指数分析

鲍方印; 王松; 张涛; 王帮正; 崔峰

沱湖自然保护区鸟类群落结构及其多样性指数分析

1.
安徽科技学院生命科学学院,安徽凤阳 233100;
2.
华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海 200241

详细信息

中图分类号: Q958.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2010-09-01
- 修回日期: 2010-12-01
- 刊出日期: 2011-07-05

Community structure and biodiversity of birds in Tuohu Nature Reserve, Anhui Province

1.
College of Life Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang Anhui 233100, China;
2.
College of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China

摘要

摘要: 2008年4月~2009年5月，采用样线法对沱湖自然保护区的鸟类物种多样性进行了调查，共记录有鸟类13目33科69种，其中国家Ⅰ类保护鸟类2种、国家Ⅱ类保护鸟类6种、安徽省地方重点保护鸟类31种.69种鸟类中古北界鸟类42种（62.0%），东洋界鸟类6种（8.5%）.69种鸟类中留鸟有12种，占鸟类总数的16.9%；侯鸟57种，占83.1%.生物多样性指数为1.26，不同季节和生境有明显的变化，水草滩涂和丛林是鸟类栖息的主要生境，不同生境中鸟类多样性指数(H)表现为滩涂(1.368 1)丛林(1.258 6)农田(0.805 9)水域(0.739 0)居民区(0.642 0) ；均匀性指数(E)表现为水域(0.380 0)滩涂(0.376 1)丛林(0.360 0)人工湿地(0.314 2)居民区(0.267 7).沱湖是众多水鸟的越冬地和迁移途中停歇地，在淮河流域湿地水鸟保护中具有重要的地位和作用，自然环境恶化和人类活动是该地区水鸟面临的主要威胁.
- 沱湖 /
- 鸟类 /
- 群落结构 /
- 物种多样性
Abstract: During April 2008 to May 2009, a sysmetic bird community survey was conducted in Tuohu Nature Reserve, Anhui Province, China. A total of 69 species belonging to 13 orders 33 families were recorded, of which 42 species belong to Palaeartic birds (62.0%), and 6 species to Oriental (8.5%). The species of Paleartic are dominant, and in terms of migration 12 species (16.9%) are residents, while 57 species (83.1%) are migratory birds，of which 2 species are in the national grade-one protection list, 6 species in the national grade-two protection list ,and 31 species in Anhui provincial protection list. The bird species diversity shows clear seasonal variation. The management of the protection of the birds, as well as local resources, is also discussed in this paper. Bird diversity index varies with seasons and the living environment. The data shows that diversity index of the habitat of mire is the maximum (1.368 1), and next to it is the habitat of forest (1.258 6), farmland (0.805 9) and water body (0.739 0). However, the habitat of residential area is the minimum (0.642 0). The evenness index of water habitat (0.380 0) is the maximum, and next to it is that of the mire (0.376 1), forest (0.360 0) and farmland (0.314 2). After all, the index of residential area is the minimum (0.267 7). In Huaihe River Basin, Tuohu Lake survives the winter and thus serves as an important route in the migration for the multitudinous waterfowls on the way, and the function of this basin wetland waterfowl protection. The results indicate that the water birds are facing the threats from the environmental degradation and human activity in the area.
- Tuohu Nature Reserve /
- bird /
- community structure /
- biodiversity

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参考文献(1)

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