Altered white matter architecture among college athletes: A diffusion tensor imaging study
-
摘要: 前人的研究发现运动技能的学习能够导致脑白质和灰质结构发生相应的改变. 然而长期的篮球技能的学习是否能导致脑白质可塑性的变化, 目前还不明确. 本文利用磁共振扩散张量成像研究了大学生篮球运动员和非 运动员之间脑白质的差异. 一共15名大学生篮球运动员和15名非运动员参与本次实验. 利用FSL软件和TBSS方法分析磁共振数据,从而获得两组人群脑白质的差异. 研究结果显示, 相比非运动员, 篮球运动员脑白质中的水分子扩散系数的各向异性参数FA表现为局部升高; 这些显著升高的区域主要在右侧颞中回、双侧枕中回、右侧额中回、右侧额叶部分区域、右侧中 央前回、左侧岛叶和海马旁回. 而这些有变化的脑区域均参与运动训练和运动技能的学习. 研究结果提示, 这些脑白质的改变和运动训练存在内在的\linebreak 关联.Abstract: Previous studies have shown that motor skill learning can induce changes involving the structural reorganization of gray and white matter architecture. However, whether learning basketball-related motor skills activates structural plasticity in the cerebral white matter is presently unknown. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess microstructural differences within the white matter of college basketball athletes and non-athletes. In all, 15 healthy college basketball athletes and 15 healthy college non-athletes took part in the experiments. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were used to perform a whole-brain analysis of the DTI data and to explore brain structural differences between athletes and non-athletes. Compared to non-athletes, athletes demonstrated significantly greater FA in the right middle temporal gyrus, bilateral middle occipital gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right frontal lobe, right precentral gyrus, left insular cortex and parahippocampal gyrus. These areas are all involved in learning motor skills and sports training. The results imply that there is an association between sports training and subsequent white matter changes.
-
Key words:
- motor training /
- diffusion tensor imaging /
- white matter /
- athletes
-
{[1]} DAYAN E, COHEN L G. Neuroplasticity subserving motor skill learning [J]. Neuron, 2011, 72(3): 443-454.{[2]} GASER C, SCHLAUG G. Brain structures differ between musicians and non-musicians [J]. J Neurosci, 2003, 23(27): 9240-9245.{[3]} HAN Y, YANG H, L\ddot{\rm U} Y T, et al. Gray matter density and white matter integrity in pianists' brain: a combined structural and diffusion tensor MRI study [J]. Neurosci Lett, 2009, 459(1): 3-6.{[4]} BERMUDEZ P, ZATORRE R J. Differences in gray matter between musicians and nonmusicians [J]. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2005, 1060: 395-399.{[5]} SCHMITHORST V J, WILKE M. Differences in white matter architecture between musicians and non-musicians: a diffusion tensor imaging study [J]. Neurosci Lett, 2002, 321(1-2): 57-60.{[6]} BENGTSSON S L, NAGY Z, SKARE S, et al. Extensive piano practicing has regionally specific effects on white matter development [J]. Nat Neurosci, 2005, 8(9): 1148-1150.{[7]} CANNONIERI G C, BONILHA L, FERNANDES P T, et al. Practice and perfect: length of training and structural brain changes in experienced typists [J]. Neuroreport, 2007, 18(10): 1063-1066.{[8]} JANCKE L, KOENEKE S, HOPPE A, et al. The architecture of the golfer's brain [J]. PLoS One, 2009, 4(3): e4785.{[9]} BEZZZOLA L, MERILLAT S, GASER C, et al. Training-induced neural plasticity in golf novices [J]. J Neurosci, 2011, 31(35): 12444-12448.{[10]} PARK I S, LEE K J, HAN J W, et al. Experience-dependent plasticity of cerebellar vermis in basketball players [J]. Cerebellum, 2009, 8(3): 334-339.{[11]} MORI S, ZHANG J. Principles of diffusion tensor imaging and its applications to basic neuroscience research [J]. Neuron, 2006, 51(5): 527-539.{[12]} SEGHETE K L, HERTING M M, NAGEL B J. White matter microstructure correlates of inhibition and task-switching in adolescents [J]. Brain Res, 2013, 1527: 15-28.{[13]} SCHMITHORST V J, WILKE M, DARDZINSKI B J, et al. Cognitive functions correlate with white matter architecture in a normal pediatric population: a diffusion tensor MRI study [J]. Hum Brain Mapp, 2005, 26(2): 139-147.{[14]} BARNEA-GORALY N, MENON V, ECKERT M, et al. White matter development during childhood and adolescence: a cross-sectional diffusion tensor imaging study [J]. Cereb Cortex, 2005, 15(12): 1848-1854.{[15]} PETERS B D, SZESZKO P R, RADUA J, et al. White matter development in adolescence: diffusion tensor imaging and meta-analytic results [J]. Schizophr Bull, 2012.{[16]} STEBBINS G T, MURPHY C M. Diffusion tensor imaging in alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment [J]. Behav Neurol, 2009, 21(1): 39-49.{[17]} LEI D, MA J, SHEN X, et al. Changes in the brain microstructure of children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: A diffusion tensor imaging study [J]. PLoS One, 2012, 7(2): e31023.{[18]} CHAPPLL M H, ULUG A M, ZHANG L, et al. Distribution of microstructural damage in the brains of professional boxers: A diffusion MRI study [J]. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2006, 24(3): 537-542.{[19]} MAKRIS N, KENNEDY D N, MCINERNEY S, et al. Segmentation of subcomponents within the superior longitudinal fascicle in humans: A quantitative, in vivo, DT-MRI study [J]. Cereb Cortex, 2005, 15(6): 854-869.{[20]} KAAS J H, HACKETT T A. Subdivisions of auditory cortex and processing streams in primates [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2000, 97(22): 11793-11799.{[21]} RAUSCHECKER J P, TIAN B. Mechanisms and streams for processing of "what" and "where" in auditory cortex [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2000, 97(22): 11800-11806.{[22]} MOLENBERGHS P, SALE M V, MATTINGLEY J B. Is there a critical lesion site for unilateral spatial neglect? A meta-analysis using activation likelihood estimation [J]. Front Hum Neurosci, 2012(6): 78.{[23]} FINK G R, FRACKOWIAK R S, PIETRZYK U, et al. Multiple nonprimary motor areas in the human cortex [J]. J Neurophysiol, 1997, 77(4): 2164-2174.{[24]} EPSTEIN R A. Parahippocampal and retrosplenial contributions to human spatial navigation [J]. Trends Cogn Sci, 2008, 12(10): 388-396.{[25]} PISELLA L, ALAHYANE N, BLANGERO A, et al. Right-hemispheric dominance for visual remapping in humans [J]. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 2011, 366(1564): 572-585.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1211
- HTML全文浏览量: 24
- PDF下载量: 2078
- 被引次数: 0