Mosquito breeding conditions and analysis of mechanisms of the urban water-green combined system: A case study on the riparian zone of Changfeng Park and the drainage system of Shanghai's west outer-ring greenbelt
-
摘要: 选取长风公园滨岸带和外环西段绿地排水系统为对象，通过对比分析其蚊幼孳生的效应及成因，为城市水绿复合系统蚊虫的防治提供理论依据.结果表明：由于水质较差、植物遮挡、天敌缺失和光照较弱等原因，外环西段绿地排水系统（劣Ⅴ类）蚊幼密度显著高于长风公园滨岸带（Ⅳ类）（p < 0.05），外环西段绿地排水系统在高峰期蚊幼密度可达157.6条/勺.夏季由于相对封闭且植物生长过密，长风公园菖蒲坑中蚊幼繁殖期较短（春末夏初），但密度较高；而荷花池水面开阔且与银锄湖连通，蚊幼密度较小；铁臂山水池的堆石驳岸亦为蚊幼提供了孳生场所.两区域均有一定的蚊害风险，应根据两者情况采取填坑、开口、卫生治理等蚊虫防治措施.由于蚊虫主要为淡色库蚊，以成蚊形式越冬，两地的血源密度差异导致其蚊幼初次出现的时间相差近20 d.根据冗余分析，蚊幼密度与溶解氧和叶绿素a浓度呈负相关，与NH4+-N、TP、BOD5和CODMn浓度呈正相关.Abstract: This paper studied two kinds of urban water-green combined systems, where mosquito larvae were found, hoping to provide a theoretical basis for urban mosquito control and prevention through the comparison and analysis of different factors. The results showed that the larval density in the outer-ring greenbelt drainage system, whose water quality was below Class Ⅴ, was significantly higher than the larval density in the riparian zone of Changfeng Park with Class Ⅳ water (p < 0.05); this can be attributed to the relatively poorer water quality and plant cover, fewer predators, weaker illumination, and so on. The larval density reached 157.6 per dip in peak season in the west outer-ring greenbelt drainage system. Because of the relative closure and overcrowded vegetation, mosquito larvae in the Calamus Pit only appeared in late spring and early summer, but with high density. The larval density was low in Lotus Pond owing to the open water surface and the connection with Yinchu Lake. The rock-filled revetment of Tiebi Hill provides shelters for larval survival. Both areas had a risk for mosquito-borne diseases, requiring relevant measures such as filling, revetment restructuration, and environmental improvement. The overwintering form of Culex pipiens pallens are adults and the time difference of the larval presence can be attributed to the availability of blood meal. The larval density was negatively correlated to DO and chlorophyll-a concentration, but positively correlated to NH4+-N, TP, BOD5, and CODMn.
-
Key words:
- urban water-green combined system /
- mosquito larvae breeding /
- water quality /
- plant
-
图 3 2017年长风公园滨岸带蚊幼孳生状况
Fig. 3 Larvae breeding conditions at the Changfeng Park riparian zone in 2017
图 4 2017年外环西段绿地蚊幼孳生状况
Fig. 4 Larvae breeding conditions in the west outer-ring greenbelt in 2017
表 1 城市水绿复合系统水质状况
Tab. 1 Water quality of urban water-green combined systems
采样区域 采样点 DO/(mg·L-1) NH$_{4}^{+}$-N/(mg·L-1) TP/(mg·L-1) BOD$_{5 }$/(mg·L-1) COD$_{\rm Mn}$/(mg·L-1) $I_{\rm wq}$ $A$ $P$ 长风公园 菖蒲坑 4.49 0.63 0.20 6.18 16.50 4.52 $-$0.21 0.59 铁臂山水池 2.54 1.22 0.25 3.49 10.80 4.62 0.41 0.62 荷花池 3.22 0.94 0.28 2.56 7.93 4.00 $-$0.36 0.51 外环西段绿地 外环绿地-排水明渠1 1.43 2.78 0.65 10.65 18.70 6.55 2.99 1.35 外环绿地-雨水井 0.77 2.33 0.29 8.97 12.98 6.22 2.54 1.25 外环绿地-排水明渠2 0.80 7.21 1.48 31.73 24.42 8.15 8.01 2.92 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 陶康华, 周国棋, 倪军.运用城市发展生态理论创建城市水-绿生态体系[C]//中国风景园林学会第四次全国会员代表大会论文选集(下册).北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2008: 97-100. [2] 徐琼, 倪军, 陶康华, 等.构建上海城市水绿生态体系[J].中国城市林业, 2004, 2(5):17-20. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4925.2004.05.004 [3] 张善峰, 宋绍杭, 王剑云.低影响开发——城市雨水问题解决的景观学方法[J].华中建筑, 2012(5):83-88. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-739X.2012.05.023 [4] 范群杰.城市绿地系统对雨水径流调蓄及相关污染削减效应研究[D].上海: 华东师范大学, 2006. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=degree&id=Y895629 [5] KINDU M, AKLILU E, BALKEW M, et al. Study on the species composition and ecology of anophelines in Addis Zemen, South Gondar, Ethiopia[J]. Parasites & Vectors, 2018, 11(1):215. doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-2701-3 [6] 李亚亮.上海市公园绿地景观特征分析及生态效益评价[D].合肥: 安徽农业大学, 2010. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=degree&id=Y1735085 [7] 范昕婷, 郭雪艳, 方燕辉, 等.上海市环城绿带生态系统服务价值评估[J].城市环境与城市生态, 2013, 26(5):1-5. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Thesis/Y1902901 [8] 李菊林, 朱国鼎, 周华云, 等.淡色库蚊在不同温度下发育情况观察[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2017, 28(1):35-37. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zgmjswxjkzzz201701010 [9] 马明海.城市河道水环境修复对蚊虫孳生影响的模拟试验与现场实证研究[D].上海: 华东师范大学, 2017. [10] GRECH M G, JULIANO S A. Complex effects of superior competitors and resources on Culex restuans (Dipetera:Culicidae) oviposition[J]. Journal of Medical Entomology, 2018, 55(2):360-369. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjx218 [11] TAKAGI M, SUGIYAMA A, MARUYAMA K. Effect of rice plant covering on the density of mosquito larvae and other insects in rice fields[J]. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 1996, 31(1):75-80. doi: 10.1303/aez.31.75 [12] MEADOWS A J, OWEN J P, SNYDER W E. Keystone nonconsumptive effects within a diverse predator community[J]. Ecology and Evolution, 2017, 7(23):10315-10325. doi: 10.1002/ece3.3392 [13] 宁长修, 姚超群, 毛明.紫外线照射致倦库蚊绝育研究初报[J].中国寄生虫病防治杂志, 1992, 5(3):208-209. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QK000003954973 [14] 刘丽娟, 李亚平.淡色库蚊越冬机制的研究进展[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2012, 23(6):589-591. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zgmjswxjkzzz201206036 [15] 陈奇.上海某组合式污水处理试验系统中蚊虫孳生规律及影响因素研究[D].上海: 华东师范大学, 2017. [16] 张博.城市化过程蚊虫孳生与景观特征及水质关系研究(以上海市为例)[D].上海: 华东师范大学, 2017. -
点击查看大图
图(5) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 123
- HTML全文浏览量: 46
- PDF下载量: 164
- 被引次数: 0