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摘要: 婚姻在任何文化中都是一项重要的传统. 本文选择婚姻文化的重要元素——彩礼，对比分析了中国与位于西非的世界上人口最多的黑人国家尼日利亚的约鲁巴部落的彩礼传统文化. 彩礼包括在结婚之前赠予新娘家庭的金钱、物品或任何形式的财富. 本文对彩礼的构成、彩礼的意义、彩礼的使用等问题进行了研究，旨在对这两种文化进行比较. 这项工作基于现有文献、观察、个人经验（主要是约鲁巴人的婚姻传统）和访谈. 彩礼应该是一种象征性的感谢，毕竟新娘的家人似乎“失去”了一个劳动力. 但人们发现，在当代中国，男人结婚的成本越来越高. 这是因为中国的彩礼包括了房屋和汽车. 在约鲁巴人中，新郎家庭的彩礼费用似乎更为实惠. 在当今多元文化研究日益增多的世界中，这样的研究对于进一步洞察多元文化的细微差别至关重要.
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Key words:
- Nigerian marriage /
- Yoruba marriage /
- Chinese marriage /
- Betrothal gift
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Tab. 1 A comparison of the wedding gifts/betrothal gifts between the Chinese and the Yoruba people
Yoruba Chinese 40 large tubers of yam (varies) Red packets of money Bag of rice Oranges Palm oil and vegetable oil Canned pig trotters Obí (Kolanut) Boxes of western cakes Atare (Alligator pepper) Bottles of wine Sugar cane Sugar cane Honey (1 big bottle) Chicken Fruits (different types) Pork Orógbó (Bitter Kola) Gold Cow or goat Lotus seeds Salt Banana Sugar Chinese biscuits Eja Òsàn (dried fish) Alcoholic drinks Owó Orí (The betrothal gift) 1 big suitcase that contains shoes and matching bags, pairs of shoes, different types of fabric ranging from Ankara to lace, including headgears and traditional cloths for the bride 1 complete jewelry set with wristwatch, earrings, and neck chains Engagement ring 
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[1] AL T. Yoruba Weddings: An analysis of traditional marriage rites of the Ogbomosho people [EB/OL]. [2020-03-21]. https://www.academia.edu/38109006/Yoruba_Weddings_An_analysis_of_Traditional_Marriage_Rites_of_the_Ogbomosho_people. [2] GUO L, WANG L. Comparison between Chinese traditional marriage customs and American marriage customs [J]. Humanities and Social Sciences, 2016, 4(4): 123-126. [3] OTI A, AYENI O. Yoruba Culture of Nigeria: Creating space for an endangered specie [J/OL]. Cross-Cultural Communication, 2013, 9(4): 23-29. [2019-10-07]. http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/j.ccc.1923670020130904.2598. [4] QIU Y. Chinese marriage traditions: Exploring contemporary changes [D]. Sweden: Lund University, 2013. -
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