A review about tectonic and sedimentary input evolution of the Red Sea rifting basin
-
摘要: 盆地是一个沉降明显的地区, 在那里可以堆积沉积物. 红海盆地是一个体系的一部分, 其裂谷和胚胎海盆从东非延伸至黎凡特地区, 这是非洲-阿拉伯大陆早渐新世解体形成的. 它是世界上仅有的两个新生裂谷盆地之一, 另一个是伍德拉克盆地, 被认为是研究板块构造现象、沉积形成演化和气候变化的世界最佳自然实验室. 红海是一个年轻的海洋盆地, 从大陆裂谷发育到真正的海洋海底分散. 它包括世界上3.8%的珊瑚礁. 红海盆地的水与世界其他海洋相比是独一无二的, 没有河流流入. 由于缺乏河流输入和永久性河流, 陆源物质仅在暴雨和洪水暴发期间供应. 频繁的沙尘暴(风输送)和钙质生物粉土对海域的塑造很关键. 红海裂谷系统是世界上最大的动态断裂构造体系之一, 它是从最初的裂谷和断裂发展到大陆裂谷的几个阶段, 最后形成大洋板块. 它是监测威尔逊旋回现象的极好场所.
-
Key words:
- Red Sea basin /
- continental rift /
- sedimentary /
- Wilson Cycle
-
Tab. 1 Sampling overview with basaltic recoveries during expeditions P408 and 64PE350/351
Cruise Station Geographical location Avg. longitude/(Eo) Avg. latitude/(No) Avg. depth/m 64PE351 13DR Nereus Deep 37.269 23.210 1672 64PE350 23DR Hadarba Deep 37.383 22.396 2039 P408-1 26GC Hariba Deep 38.022 22.040 2008 P408-1 50DR Hariba Deep 37.898 22.024 2312 P408-1 57DR Hariba Deep 37.906 22.017 2235 P408-1 19DR Hariba Deep 37.907 22.012 2226 P408-1 51DR Hariba Deep 37.927 22.003 2328 P408-1 58DR Hariba Deep 37.914 22.001 2216 P408-1 18DR Hariba Deep 37.913 21.996 2219 P408-1 17GC Hariba Deep 37.911 21.995 2219 P408-1 28GC Hariba Deep 37.984 21.994 2081 P408-1 29GC Hariba Deep 38.002 21.937 1962 64PE350 33DR Atlantis II Deep 38.051 21.403 2072 64PE350 32DR Discovery Deep 38.030 21.298 1840 64PE350 37DR Shagara Deep 38.165 21.032 2279 64PE350 41DR Aswad Deep 38.269 20.869 2264 64PE350 43DR Erba Deep 38.195 20.737 2331 64PE350 51DR Port Sudan Deep 38.356 20.192 1916 64PE350 49GC Port Sudan Deep 38.510 20.037 2701 64PE350 77DR Suakin Deep 38.753 19.603 2537 Note: DR = dredge, GC = gravity corec. -
[1] ORMOND R, EDWARDS A. Red Sea fishes [M].[S.l.]: Red Sea, 1987: 251-287. [2] BONATTI E, CIPRIANI A, LUPI L. The Red Sea: Birth of an Ocean [M].[S.l.]: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015: 29-44. [3] AUGUSTIN N, DEVEY C W, DER ZWAN F M, et al. The rifting to spreading transition in the Red Sea [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2014, 395: 217-230. [4] WEGENER A. The Origin of Continents and Oceans (English translation by J. Biram, 1996, of Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane, revised 4th edition, Braunschweig, Germany Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn) [M]. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1929. [5] RASUL N M A, STEWART I C F, NAWAB Z A. Introduction to the Red Sea: Its origin, structure, and environment, in The Red Sea [J].[S.l.]: Springer, 2015: 1-28. [6] BAKER B H, MCCONNELL R B. The Structural Pattern of the Afro-Arabian Rift System in Relation to Plate Tectonics [J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical & Engineering Sciences, 1970, 267(1181): 383-391. [7] GASS I G. The Evolution of Volcanism in the Junction area of the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and Ethiopian Rifts [J]. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B Biological ences, 1970, 267(1181): 369-381. [8] MCKENZIE D, DAVIES D, MOLNAR P, et al. Plate Tectonics of the Red Sea and East Africa [J]. Nature, 1970, 226(5242): 243-248. [9] DARRACOTT B W, FAIRHEAD J D, GIRDLER R W. Gravity and magnetic surveys in Northern Tanzania and Southern Kenya [J]. Tectonophysics, 1972, 15(1-2): 131-141. [10] BOSWORTH W, HUCHON P, MCCLAY K. The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Basins [J]. Journal of African Earth ences, 2006, 43(1-3): 334-378. [11] HUGHES G W, VAROL O, BEYDOUN Z R. Evidence for Middle Oligocene rifting of the Gulf of Aden and for Late Oligocene rifting of the southern Red Sea [J]. Marine & Petroleum Geology, 1991, 8(3): 354-358. [12] WATCHORN F, NICHOLS G J, BOSENCE D W J. Rift-related sedimentation and stratigraphy, southern Yemen (Gulf of Aden)[M]//PURSER B H, BOSENCE D W J. Sedimentation and Tectonics in Rift Basins Red Sea: -Gulf of Aden [J].[S.l.]: Springer, 1998: 165-189. [13] ARBERI F, BORSI S, FERRARA G, et al. Relations between Tectonics and Magmatology in the Northern Danakil Depression (Ethiopia) [J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 1970: 293-311. [14] ZANETTIN B, JUSTIN-VISENTIN E, PICCIRILLO E. Volcanic succession, tectonics and magmatology in central Ethiopia [R]. Soc. cooper. tipogr, 1978. [15] HUGHES G, BEYDOUN Z. The Red Sea—Gulf of Aden: biostratigraphy, lithostratigraphy and palaeoenvironments [J]. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 1992, 15: 135-156. [16] MATTHEWS D, WILLIAMS C, LAUGHTON A. Mid-ocean ridge in the mouth of the Gulf of Aden [J]. Nature, 1967, 215(5105): 1052-1053. [17] SAHOTA G. Geophysical study of the Gulf of Aden continental margins: geodynamic implications for the development of the Afro-Arabian Rift System [D]. Swansea: University College of Swansea, 1991. [18] LEROY S, GENTE P, FOURNIER M, et al. From rifting to spreading in the eastern Gulf of Aden : a geophysical survey of a young oceanic basin from margin to margin [J]. Terra Nova, 2004, 16(4): 185-192. [19] BURKE K, DEWEY J F, KIDD W. Precambrian palaeomagnetic results compatible with contemporary operation of the Wilson cycle [J]. Tectonophysics, 1976, 33(3/4): 287-299. [20] CONDIE K C. Plate tectonics & crustal evolution [M]. [S.l.]: Elsevier, 2013.