摘要:
利用BIOLOG微平板技术对广州市黄埔区龟山重金属污染下台湾相思（Acacia confusa）和尾叶桉（Eucalyptus urophylla）根区土壤微生物群落多样性进行了研究.结果表明,广州市黄埔区龟山土壤重金属污染严重，其中全Cd和全Zn含量大大超出广州市背景值，并对微生物群落产生最大负效应.土壤环境的恶化导致细菌数量减少，微生物代谢活性滞后，对醣类和氨基酸类碳源利用低，多样性指数降低.黄埔区台湾相思和尾叶桉根区土壤细菌数量和微生物多样性显著高于裸地.由于重金属污染对根区土壤的影响较大，台湾相思和尾叶桉根区土壤的细菌数量、微生物碳源利用类型以及群落多样性指数均无显著差异.然而,台湾相思根区土壤微生物的代谢活性随着培养时间的延长，呈迅速上升趋势，并较其他供试土壤具有更高的代谢能力；另外，台湾相思不仅可以稳定土壤中的Cu和Pb，还能吸收Cd和Zn，并且其固氮能力能有效增加土壤养分含量，对土壤条件进行改良，也是广州市常用的造林先锋树种，适合作为广州市黄埔区重金属污染地植被重建材料.
Abstract:
Using BIOLOG microplate technique, the microbial diversity in root zone soils of Acacia confusa and Eucalyptus urophylla polluted by heavy metals in Guishan of Huangpu area (Guangzhou) were studied. The results show that the soil of Guishan in Huangpu area is mainly polluted by total Cd and Zn, which have the badly negative influence on soil microbial community. The worse soil condition reduces bacterial amounts, delays microbial metabolic activity, lowers microbial carbohydrates and amino acides utilization and reduces microbial diversity indexes. Bacterial amounts and Microbial diversity in root zone soils are higher than soils without plant. However, because of the heavy metal pollution in Huangpu area, the bacterial amounts, microbial substrate utilization patterns and diversity indexes in the root zone soils of Acacia confusa show no significant difference with that of Eucalyptus urophylla. While, at the late stage of incubation, microbial metabolic activity in the root zone soils of Acacia confusa increases sharply and has higher metabolic capability than other soil samples. Moreover, Acacia confusa can not only stabilize the Cu and Pb in soil, but also absorb Cd and Zn. And its nitrogen fixation can enhance soil nutrients. Therefore, Acacia confusa, a popular pioneer tree in Guangzhou, is suitable for the vegetation rebuilding in the heavy metals polluted site in Huangpu area, Guangzhou.
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