Abstract: Den habitat selection of the China bamboo-rat (R. sinehsis) was investigated from January to April in 2009 in Yuanbaoshan Nature Reserve, Guangxi. Thirteen ecological factors were recorded in 10 m10 m plots of 85 samples, including 54 used samples and 31 unused samples. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis and Mann-Whitney U test. The results showed that the difference among the canopy density, the distance to human disturbance, the shelter of wind, the shrub density, the distance to shrubs, the elevation and the food abundance were significant (P0.05); while the difference among the water distance, the slope, the aspect, the slope position, the tree density and the tree distance were not significant (P0.05). The habitat selection shared the following ecological factors: the well canopy density, the well shelter of wind, the well food richness, the slope among 20 to 40 degrees，the aspect toward east or south，the slope position with uphill or middle place, the elevation more than 1 800 m, the tree density less than 30 ind./plot, the distance to tree about 2 to 5 m，the shrub density about 1 000 to 5 000 m, the distance to shrubs less than 0.1 m，far away to water( more than 500 m) and the human disturbance distance more than 1 000 m. Principle component analysis indicated that the shelter, the water, the geography, the human disturbance and the food abundance affected the habitat character of the China bamboo-rat in spring.